A recurring source of confusion in cashew procurement is the assumption that grade equals quality. It does not. Grade is a description of size and physical integrity, not of how good the kernel is.

The W prefix means white whole kernel. The number that follows is the approximate count per pound. W240 therefore means around 240 kernels to the pound, making each one comparatively large. W320 runs to roughly 320 per pound, W450 to roughly 450. A W450 kernel is smaller than a W240 kernel; it is not worse.

Splits are kernels that have separated along their natural seam. Butts, pieces and small pieces are progressively smaller fragments. For a manufacturer grinding kernel into butter or dispersing it through a cereal, whole-kernel integrity is irrelevant and paying for it would be waste.

This is why grade selection is a commercial decision rather than a quality one. A premium retail gifting pack needs W240. A protein bar needs pieces. Both can be excellent, and both come off the same processing line on the same day.